Laparoscopic Splenectomy Explained: What to Expect

The spleen is an organ that’s nestled in the upper left abdomen, and it plays a vital role in our immune system by making blood cells. It also helps fight infections by filtering blood, storing platelets and white blood cells, and removing old or damaged red blood cells. Individuals with medical conditions that require the removal of the spleen undergo what’s known as a splenectomy.

Today, the splenectomy is performed as laparoscopic surgery in Orange County and is a minimally invasive alternative to traditional surgery. Laparoscopic splenectomies involve the use of small incisions and specialized instruments to perform the procedure. This approach typically results in less pain, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recovery times for patients.

If you are contemplating a laparoscopic splenectomy or are simply curious about the surgery, read on to learn more about the procedure, its indications, and what to expect.

What is Laparoscopic Splenectomy?

Laparoscopic splenectomy is a type of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery in Orange County that’s performed to remove the spleen. During the procedure, the surgeon utilizes small incisions and a camera-guided instrument called a laparoscope. This approach has many advantages over traditional open splenectomy, including smaller incisions, reduced recovery time, and fewer complications.

Indications for Laparoscopic Splenectomy

Several conditions may necessitate spleen removal:

• Hematological disorders: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), hereditary spherocytosis, and thalassemia.
• Trauma: Ruptured spleen due to injury.
• Cancers: Lymphoma, leukemia, or metastasis to the spleen.
• Splenic abscess or cysts: Chronic infections or other spleen-related conditions.

Laparoscopic surgery in Orange County is usually preferred for surgical procedures when conditions allow. It’s especially beneficial for patients who are at higher risk for surgical complications, as it typically results in less postoperative pain, smaller scars, and a faster return to normal activities. However, the choice between laparoscopic and open surgery depends on factors like the patient’s overall health, the specific conditions being treated, and the surgeon’s expertise.

Preoperative Preparation for Laparoscopic Splenectomy

Medical Evaluation

Before proceeding with laparoscopic surgery in Orange County, patients first undergo a comprehensive medical evaluation. This includes a detailed medical history review and physical examination. Imaging studies such as ultrasounds, CT scans, or MRIs are usually performed to help the surgeon visualize the size and condition of the spleen. Blood tests are also done to check the patient’s overall health and diagnose specific blood disorders that may be influencing the decision for laparoscopic surgery in Orange County.

Vaccinations

Vaccinations also play an important role in preoperative preparation. Since the spleen is so important when it comes to fighting certain infections, patients scheduled for splenectomy need protection against specific bacteria. Vaccines for pneumococcus, meningococcus, and Haemophilus influenzae are usually administered a few weeks before surgery for optimal immune response.

Patient Instructions

To prepare for laparoscopic surgery in Orange County, patients will receive specific fasting guidelines, usually involving no food or drink for 8-12 hours before the procedure. The surgical team will also provide guidance on managing current medications, which may need to be adjusted or temporarily stopped. Patients are advised to arrange for post-surgery care and transportation, as they will not be able to drive immediately after their procedure.

Also Read: The Advantages of Removing Gallbladder with Laparoscopic Surgery

The Laparoscopic Splenectomy Procedure

Anesthesia

Laparoscopic splenectomy is performed under general anesthesia to keep the patient asleep and free of pain throughout the surgery. Patients should expect to feel drowsy and relaxed before they drift off to sleep.

Surgical Steps

The surgeon begins the procedure by making several small incisions in the abdomen to insert the laparoscope and surgical instruments. Surgical gas is then used to inflate the patient’s abdomen, which creates a workspace for the surgeon. Using the laparoscope for visualization, the surgeon carefully dissects the blood vessels and ligaments that are attached to the spleen. Once the spleen is freed, it’s either removed through a small incision or morcellated to make the extraction easier.

Throughout the procedure, the surgeon carefully controls bleeding and monitors for any complications. After the spleen is removed, the surgeon examines the abdominal cavity, removes all instruments, and closes up the incision with sutures or staples.

Duration of the Procedure

Typically, a laparoscopic splenectomy takes between 1-3 hours, depending on the complexity of the case and any complications.

Also Read: Differences Between Open and Laparoscopic Surgery

Postoperative Recovery

Immediate Post-Surgery Care

After laparoscopic surgery in Orange County, patients are moved to a recovery room where their vital signs are closely monitored as the anesthesia wears off. Their surgical team will also support them with pain management, administering medications to help with any discomfort. To prevent blood clots, patients are encouraged to move and walk as soon as they feel ready.

Hospital Stay

Most patients stay in the hospital for 1-3 days, depending on their recovery progress. During this time, the medical staff closely monitors the patient for any potential complications like infection, bleeding, or issues related to anesthesia.

Home Care Instructions

Once discharged, patients receive detailed instructions for wound care, including how to keep their incisions clean and dry and signs of infections to look out for. Activity is gradually increased, with restrictions on heavy lifting for several weeks. Diet should also gradually return to normal as tolerated by the patient. To monitor their recovery and overall health, patients should regularly attend scheduled follow-up appointments with their medical staff.

Potential Risks and Complications

General Surgical Risks

As with any surgical procedure, laparoscopic splenectomy does carry some general risks. These include infection at the incision sites, internal bleeding, and potential adverse reactions to anesthesia.

Specific Risks of Laparoscopic Splenectomy

During the surgery, there’s a small risk of injury to nearby organs like the stomach, pancreas, or colon. In some cases, the procedure may need to be converted to open surgery if complications arise or if the spleen is too large for laparoscopic removal. A common and significant concern is the risk of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI) due to the loss of the spleen’s immune function.

Long-Term Considerations

After undergoing a splenectomy, patients have an increased susceptibility to certain infections, particularly from encapsulated bacteria. This risk is lifelong and requires ongoing vaccinations and, in some cases, prophylactic antibiotics.

Benefits of Laparoscopic Splenectomy

Minimally Invasive Approach

Laparoscopic splenectomy has several advantages over traditional open surgery. First, the procedure uses smaller incisions, resulting in less pain and scarring. This minimally invasive approach also reduces the risk of complications that are typically associated with larger surgical incisions, such as infections.

Faster Recovery

One of the most notable benefits of laparoscopic surgery in Orange County is the faster recovery time. Patients typically experience shorter hospital stays and are able to return to their normal activities more quickly than with open surgery. The overall postoperative pain and discomfort also tend to be lower with laparoscopic splenectomy.

Effective Treatment for Spleen-Related Conditions

For patients with conditions such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) or hereditary spherocytosis, laparoscopic splenectomy is an effective treatment option. This procedure often leads to a successful resolution of the underlying condition, which improves the patient’s quality of life.

Also Read: Gallbladder Surgery With Laparoscopic Technology: What Are the Benefits?

Who Should Consider Laparoscopic Splenectomy?

Laparoscopic splenectomy is best for patients who require spleen removal and are in generally good health. This procedure is especially beneficial for those with spleens of a manageable size that can be safely removed through small incisions.

In some cases, traditional open surgery may be the better option for a patient. This includes situations where the spleen is very large, complex anatomical issues are present, or patients have extensive scar tissue from previous abdominal surgeries. Additionally, in emergency situations where time is critical, open surgery may be the surgeon’s preferred approach.

If you’re not sure which approach would be best for you, it’s always important to consult with a medical professional. Search for a “laparoscopic surgeon near me” to find experienced specialists who will assess your specific case and recommend the most appropriate treatment.

Conclusion

Laparoscopic splenectomy is a minimally invasive approach to spleen removal, typically resulting in less pain, faster recovery, and fewer complications than traditional open surgery. For patients considering this option, understanding its risks, benefits, and the procedure as a whole is incredibly important.

If you’re considering laparoscopic splenectomy, Orange County Robotic General Surgery is a leading provider of advanced laparoscopic and robotic procedures in the Orange County and Greater Los Angeles area. Don’t hesitate to contact us and discuss any questions with our team to make sure you’re fully informed and comfortable before proceeding.

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